Learn about PurpleSec’s fully managed vulnerability management services.
Author: Jason Firch, MBA / Last Updated: 04/04/2023
Featuring: Clement Fouque
Reviewed By: Josh Allen & Michael Swanagan, CISSP, CISA, CISM
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Table Of Contents
What You’ll Learn
Vulnerability visibility is the process of having insight into an organization’s assets and potential risks, allowing for security improvements.
This involves having the ability to detect any potential issues before they cause harm, as well as implementing continuous monitoring to catch any new threats that may arise.
While security teams might have a good understanding of their internal network environment, there are areas where it’s more difficult to gain visibility.Â
Some examples include: Â
The adage goes, “you can’t secure what you don’t know.”
The level of visibility an organization has in its IT environment has a direct impact on its overall security posture.
Poor visibility can result in unidentified assets and undetected vulnerabilities, leaving the organization exposed to potential attacks.
Here are some specific examples of why visibility is so important:
Poor visibility in vulnerability management can lead to increased risk for organizations, as security teams struggle to gain a complete understanding of their environment and the potential vulnerabilities present.
This lack of understanding can result in:
Learn More: How To Prioritize Vulnerabilities
When conducting vulnerability assessments, there are often areas that are frequently overlooked or not managed well.
Identifying these blind spots is crucial for achieving comprehensive visibility into vulnerabilities.
Learn More: How To Conduct A Vulnerability Assessment
Unmanaged assets pose a risk because they lack corporate security controls, such as regular patching, monitoring, and access restrictions.
This absence of security measures leaves them more susceptible to exploitation, cyber attacks, and unauthorized access, potentially causing significant damage to the organization’s reputation and operations.
Unmanaged assets often become a blind spot for organizations due to rapid growth, frequent changes in personnel, or lack of clear ownership.
To address unmanaged assets, organizations should:
Legacy systems often become a blind spot because organizations may rely on their continued operation for critical processes or be hesitant to invest in costly upgrades.
As a result, these systems may not receive necessary security updates or patches.
Unsupported legacy systems are more susceptible to cyber attacks, as vulnerabilities may go unaddressed.
This can result in data breaches, operational disruptions, and reputational damage.
To tackle these risks organizations should:
DNS record management can be overlooked due to the dynamic nature of organizations and their websites.
As teams come and go, DNS records may not be properly maintained, leading to outdated or orphaned records that create confusion and potential security gaps.
Unmanaged DNS records can expose organizations to security risks such as unauthorized access, data leaks, and even domain hijacking.
They can also make it harder to track down and remediate vulnerabilities, impacting the overall security posture.
To address the challenge organizations should:
The number one piece of advice is to start small and build gradually while also knowing that creating a comprehensive asset list is a continuous process.
This means it must be regularly maintained and updated for maximum accuracy.
Begin by manually documenting known assets and their owners, even if it only covers a small percentage of your organization’s assets initially.
Over time, you can expand and refine your inventory, gradually increasing coverage.
Collaborating with other departments is also a great way to gain buy-in for security objectives while also communicating the need for each business unit to take security seriously.
Work closely with other teams within your organization, such as Finance or Marketing departments who may have similar goals.
By sharing objectives and collaborating, you can more effectively gather information and create a comprehensive asset inventory.
To ensure that all endpoints, including remote and BYOD devices, are included in vulnerability scans, organizations can implement the following strategies:
When working to keep networks secure, it’s important to recognize that there is no silver bullet for covering all potential weak spots.
Network segmentation’s role in improving visibility lies in its ability to compartmentalize the network, allowing organizations to monitor and manage security more effectively.
By dividing the network into smaller segments, it becomes easier to track and identify vulnerabilities specific to each segment.
Although network segmentation doesn’t directly improve visibility, it does provide a more organized and efficient environment for vulnerability detection and management.
A few benefits of network segmentation as it relates to vulnerability management include:
Incorporating third-party vendors and suppliers into vulnerability assessments helps organizations gain a more comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities.
The challenge lies in the limited visibility into these vendors’ internal practices, as companies often rely on certifications and contractual agreements, which may not accurately represent the vendors’ actual security posture.
To improve visibility into vulnerabilities, organizations should prioritize limiting the connections between themselves and their vendors.
This process involves scrutinizing the data shared between the two parties and assessing the necessity of each exchange.
By minimizing connections, organizations can better identify vulnerabilities and potential security risks that could arise from these third-party relationships.
Conducting security awareness and training is another aspect of enhancing visibility into third-party risk.
When employees understand which data can and cannot be shared with vendors, they are better equipped to identify potential security risks and handle sensitive information responsibly.
Pen testing and red teaming techniques help organizations gain deeper insight into vulnerabilities over automated scans and vulnerability assessments.
Pen testing focuses on analyzing specific applications or systems, uncovering vulnerabilities, and testing the effectiveness of existing security measures.
This targeted approach helps organizations identify and address potential weak points in their applications, contributing to enhanced vulnerability visibility within specific systems.
Red teaming involves a group of offensive security professionals simulating real-world cyber attacks to evaluate an organization’s overall security posture.
Red teams emulate the tactics used by actual attackers, uncovering vulnerabilities that span across multiple systems and applications.
This broader view helps organizations better understand their entire attack surface, allowing them to prioritize vulnerabilities and implement effective remediation strategies.
By collaborating with red teams, blue teams can gain valuable insights into potential attack vectors and enhance their defensive strategies.
Purple teaming is another concept that involves red teams simulating attacks and blue teams defending against them, promoting continuous improvement of detection, response, and remediation capabilities.
By utilizing pen testing, red teaming, and purple teaming, organizations can significantly improve their visibility into potential vulnerabilities.
While red teaming provides a wealth of information and visibility into an organization’s security posture, it is likely out of reach for most SMBs. This is often due to cost and resource constraints.
However, SMBs can still gain the benefits of red teaming without incurring high costs by adopting security rating platforms and automation.
Security rating platforms help SMBs discover and conduct basic tests on their networks and applications.
These platforms are designed to assess an organization’s security posture, identify common vulnerabilities, and pinpoint the shortest and easiest paths that attackers might exploit.
The use of automation further enhances the security efforts of SMBs.
By automating routine tasks like vulnerability scanning and patch management, SMBs can reduce manual effort and allocate resources to more strategic initiatives.
In addition to improving security, these solutions can help SMBs sell ideas or projects to management.
By demonstrating the findings of a security rating platform or automated test, SMBs can make a stronger case for implementing security recommendations and gaining management buy-in.
Properly configuring your scanner ensures comprehensive coverage of assets, regular monitoring, and the generation of actionable reports, all contribute to a more effective vulnerability management process.
Configuration of scanners involves setting up appropriate scan schedules and frequencies, ensuring that your organization maintains up-to-date information on the security status of its assets.
For example, when using a scanning tool in a cloud environment, configuring the tool to access the necessary APIs ensures that all instances within your infrastructure are identified and assessed.
This setup allows the tool to provide a comprehensive view of your cloud-based assets and their respective vulnerabilities.
Learn More: Best Practices For Cloud Vulnerability Management
On-premises environments, however, can be more challenging due to the presence of routers, proxies, and firewalls.
In such cases, it’s important to segment your network effectively and set up the scanning tool to cover all IP address ranges, ensuring that no assets are left out during the scanning process.
This may require working closely with your network team to map out the entire infrastructure accurately.
To develop an effective and actionable visibility strategy, organizations must first start by measuring their current security posture.
This involves gathering data on vulnerabilities, assets, and overall risk.
Having quantifiable metrics helps to communicate potential issues to management and demonstrates the need for action.
One approach to creating a visibility strategy is to implement monitoring tools, such as cloud connectors, to track and assess assets within your organization’s environment.
However, it’s important to recognize that not all accounts or assets may be covered by these connectors.
To address this gap, organizations can establish regular review processes, such as quarterly or yearly assessments, to extract a comprehensive list of all cloud accounts and cross-check the presence of the necessary connectors.
As organizations evolve and grow you should involve team members in the visibility strategy and continuously refine the processes.
Encouraging participation from various departments and stakeholders can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the organization’s risk landscape and help identify areas for improvement.
The visibility strategy should also include regular reviews of the organization’s assets and vulnerabilities.
This ensures that the organization is constantly aware of its risk exposure and can prioritize remediation efforts accordingly.
Regular assessments also allow for the continuous improvement of the visibility strategy, as new insights are gained and best practices are identified.
To gain a better understanding of an organization’s true risk, it’s important to measure specific key performance indicators (KPIs) related to visibility.
Here are a few KPIs that organizations should consider when tracking visibility:
For vulnerability management professionals seeking better visibility into vulnerabilities and their overall attack surface, here are some practical tips to consider:
It’s easy to get overwhelmed when taking a project head-on. Instead, break the seemingly insurmountable challenge into bite-sized tasks.
For example, focus on a specific technology like cloud instances and then progress to web applications or databases.
This tactic allows you to build a solid foundation in vulnerability management and gradually enhance visibility over time.
Collaborate with one team at a time to develop the processes for vulnerability management.
After the process is working well within one team, move on to other teams.
This method ensures a more efficient and effective approach to improving visibility.
By customizing the process to each team’s specific needs, cooperation between teams can be strengthened and all personnel can be informed about the vulnerability management strategy.
Rather than striving for a perfect solution, adopt an incremental improvement system.
Focus on making small progress every month or quarter and these improvements will accumulate over time, resulting in better visibility and risk understanding.
Regularly evaluating progress and adjusting your strategy accordingly has proven beneficial in maintaining momentum when it comes to enhancing vulnerability management processes.
At PurpleSec, we are revolutionizing the cyber security landscape with our AI-powered Vulnerability Management Services.
By integrating advanced analytics and machine learning models, we offer a continuous and fully managed solution at an affordable price, enabling organizations to efficiently identify, classify, remediate, and mitigate vulnerabilities.
Our platform aggregates and correlates data from diverse sources, providing a comprehensive view of risks across every potential attack surface.
This approach allows our clients to accurately prioritize vulnerabilities based on their unique environment and business objectives.
With customizable risk analytics and reporting, we help organizations easily communicate and collaborate across different departments.
Moreover, we provide expert-defined remediation intelligence and automated mitigation playbooks to accelerate risk mitigation, drastically reducing process time and costs.
Our continuous monitoring and real-time risk assessments enable clients to understand their actual risks and how they might impact their organization.
Interested in learning how your organization can improve its vulnerability management efforts? Schedule a free consultation with a security expert and get all of your questions answered.
Jason is a proven marketing leader, veteran IT operations manager, and cyber security enthusiast with 10 years of experience. He is the co-founder and CEO/CMO of PurpleSec.
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